Blue Screen of Death (BSOD): how to diagnose and fix it
Find out what causes the blue screen error and how to fix it step by step, based on the error code.
The blue screen (BSOD, "Blue Screen of Death") shows up when Windows hits an error it can't recover from on its own. It looks alarming, but it almost always includes the information you need to fix it.
How to read the error code
At the bottom of the blue screen you'll see a code like
0x0000000A or a name like MEMORY_MANAGEMENT. That
code is the most important clue for diagnosing the problem.
Your PC ran into a problem and needs to restart.
Stop code: MEMORY_MANAGEMENT
What failed: ntoskrnl.exe
Where to find the history: after restarting, search for "View error reports" in the Start menu, or check Event Viewer (Windows + X → Event Viewer → Windows Logs → System).
Most common causes and fixes
Outdated or corrupted drivers
This is the most common cause, especially after a Windows update or new hardware. Update drivers from the manufacturer's website, not just through Windows Update.
Faulty RAM
Run Windows Memory Diagnostic (search for "mdsched" in the Start menu) to rule out a damaged RAM module.
Disk problems
A failing drive can also trigger blue screens. See our guide on a drive that isn't showing up if you suspect this.
Warning: if the computer won't start normally, back up your important files from Safe Mode before investigating further — especially if you suspect a drive failure.
Tip: write down the exact error code (e.g.
0x0000001A) before restarting. Searching for it together with
the name of the file that caused it usually leads straight to the cause.
When to see a professional
If blue screens keep happening after trying the above, or you suspect a physical hardware fault (RAM, drive or motherboard), it's a good time for a professional check-up before the problem gets worse.
Note: the exact error code varies a lot between machines. This guide covers the general causes; if yours doesn't match, get in touch via our contact page.
Frequently asked questions
Does a blue screen delete my files?
Not directly. The blue screen is a safety mechanism: Windows stops itself before an error can damage the system further. The risk to your files comes from the underlying cause (like a failing drive), not from the blue screen itself.
Why do I only get a blue screen while gaming?
That usually points to the graphics card: outdated drivers, overheating, or a power supply that isn't quite enough for what the game demands.
Is it the same on Windows 10 and Windows 11?
The mechanism is the same, though Windows 11 also shows a QR code alongside the error code to make it easier to look up a fix from your phone.